The Atterberg limits are a basic measure of the nature of a fine-grained soil. Depending on the water content of the soil, it may appear in four states: solid, semi-solid, plastic and liquid. In each state the consistency and behavior of a soil is different and thus so are its engineering properties. Thus, the boundary between each state can be defined based on a change in the soil's behavior. The Atterberg limits can be used to distinguish between silt and clay, and it can distinguish between different types of silts and clays. Base type for AtterbergLimitsTest True if sample is oven dried at 100 deg C or hotter prior to testing; otherwise false. True value for this property should produce a liquid_limit_oven_dried reportable result Value is wet if wet sieving on No. 40 screen (0.425 mm) is performed; dry if dry sieving on No. 40 screen (0.425 mm) is performed; none if no sieving is performed (sample is all finer-grained than 0.425 mm or coarser particles are picked out; unknown if not known. If value is None, the property handRemoved should be used. True if plus screen No. 40 particles are removed from the sample by hand, false if not. If no sieving is performed this property is required Estimate of percent of sample retained on No. 40 screen. If no sieving is performed, this value would hold the estimated percentage of plus 40 particles removed by hand from the sample, if applicable. String type. Value is true if the liquid limit method is multi-point, false if liquid limit is calculated from a single point test Property containing one or more CasagrandeTrial or FallConeTrial objects detailing results of these various liquid limit tests Property containing one or more CasagrandeTrial or FallConeTrial objects detailing results of these various liquid limit tests Property containing one or more PlasticLimitTrial objects detailing the results of each plastic limit trial Property containing one or more ShrinkageLimitTrial objects detailing the results of each shrinkage limit trial True if the liquid limit device is manual crank, false if motorized The number of drops of the brass cup needed to close the groove in the sample Moisture content for this trial The distance fall cone penetrated soil sample in this trial Moisture content for this trial True if thread rollout is done manually, false if otherwise Moisture content for this trial Moisture content for the wet soil paste The Compaction Test is a laboratory method of experimentally determining the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type will become most dense and achieve its maximum dry density. Base type for CompactionTest Results for each trial Property for CompactionTestTrials, required parent element that holds the multiple trials. Base type for CompactionTestTrials The count of the test cycle Moisture content measured in this trial. Dry unit weight measured in this trial. Weight of water added or subtracted from this trial specimen (California Test 216) Tamper reading (California Test 216) The Density Test produces density values, mass per volume. The Driven Penetration Test includes all methods that involve driving a rod (with or without a sampler) by impact hammer. The most common test of this type inclue the Standard Penetration Test and the Becker Hammer Test. Base type for DrivenPenetrationTest Type of penetration test performed, e.g. Standard Penetration Test, Becker Hammer Test, etc. The type of hammer used for the sampling and penetration, including the mechanism used to lift and drop the hammer assembly. Additional details about the sampler (e.g. cathead diameter, number of turns, etc) can be mapped to the equipment object. The hammer mass used to drive the sampler. The hammer drop height. A description of the energy efficiency of the hammer. The length of the sampler barrel. The inside diameter of the sampler. A description of the liner, if used. A description of the basket retainer, if used. The type of sampling rods used for penetration. The external diameter of the sampling rods. The drive rod weight per unit length. Casing depth at time of test The distance the sampler penetrates the soil under its own weight before applying hammer blows Depth to water at time of test. Total distance the sampler penetrated the soil following completion of the procedure Water content or moisture content is the quantity of water contained in a material, expressed as a ratio. Also referred to as moisture content, this is the mass of water divided by the mass of the solids, expressed as a percentage. True if water content measurement is taken from trimmings of a prepared specimen; false if derived from an entire specimen Temperature of the oven or other drying apparatus Amount of time specimen was maintained at drying temperature This test produces the distribution of particle sizes in soils as determined by sieve analysis and/or hydrometer analysis. Base type for ParticleSizeTest Base type for ParticleSizeTest True if the sample is wet sieved (eg. washed through the screen; false if not. A description of the condition of sand and gravel size particles in the specimen that could bias the particle-size results (eg. hard, soft, friable, weathered). Intended to come from a controlled list. Base type for ParticleSizeTest Weight of the sediment used for the test (after passing through a sieve) Diameter of the sieve used (typically 2 mm - No. 10 sieve) Time interval that sediment is left to stand in cylinder prior to test Device used for dispersing sediment (eg. magnetic stirrer, air jet, etc.). Intended to come from a controlled list. Duration of dispersion Type of hydrometer used (eg. 151H, 152H). Intended to come from a controlled list. Specific gravity used for calculations Base type for ParticleSizeTest Time that measurement is taken The elapsed time of the hydrometer reading since the start of the test The value read from the hydrometer at reading time The temperature at the time of the hydrometer reading The composite correction applied The corrected hydrometer reading after correction applied The the distance through which soil particles fall in a given period of time Particle size computed from Stoke's Law Percent of sediment smaller than particle diameter Provides data structure to capture blow counts for tests where samplers or instruments are driven by impact methods. Base type for DriveSet object. An integer that indicates the location of the drive set. The first or seating drive of a test would be assigned an index of 1, the next drive set an index of 2, etc. An index of 1 should only be used for the seating drive. An integer value of the number of hammer blows in this drive set. The distance the sampler is driven into the soil in this drive set. Duration of delay before increment started. Maximum torque required to rotate rods. This is the property that contains the DriveSet object(s). It is needed to satisfy the GML object-property rule when DriveSet is used as an element in another test. Provides data structure to capture percentage of particle sizes in a sample. Base type for Grading object. Size of this screen openings of the sieve or grain diameter evaluated via hydrometer, related to the value entered in the percentPassing or percentRetained property. The number of the sieve (for sieve analyses) The amount of the total sample "passing" (that has particle size smaller than) this size fraction. Expressed as a weight percent. The amount of the total sample "retained" at this size fraction (that has particle size greater or equal to the particleSize property. Expressed as a weight percent. The dry weight of sample "retained" at this size fraction (that has particle size greater or equal to the particleSize property. name/value pairs of other grading parameters not specifically in the Grading object This is the property that contains the Grading object(s). It is needed to satisfy the GML object-property rule when Grading is used as an element in another test. Data properties for material left in the pan (passing all sieves) or finest size fraction Base type for Grading object. Percent of the sample lost as a result of the sieve analysis. This is equal to 1- (final weight (cumulative weights of all particle sizes) / initial sample weight)* 100 The amount of the cumulative soil sample "retained" on the pan. Expressed as a weight percent. The cumulative dry weight of sample "retained" on the pan. This value is less than or equal to the dry weight of the sample, depending on loss. name/value pairs of other grading parameters not specifically in the Grading object This is the property that contains the Grading object(s). It is needed to satisfy the GML object-property rule when Grading is used as an element in another test. Linear shrinkage is the decrease in length of a soil sample when oven-dried, starting with a moisture content of the sample at the liquid limit. Base type for LinearShrinkageTest Size fraction from which test portion was obtained. This test measures volatile organic compounds and other gases. The Cone Penetration Test is an in situ testing method used to determine the geotechnical engineering properties of soils and delineating soil stratigraphy. The test method consists of pushing an instrumented cone, with the tip facing down, into the ground at a controlled rate. Base type for StaticConePenetrationTest The type of static cone penetrometer used for testing. The distance between the tip and the center of the friction sleeve. A unit of measure is required in the uom attribute. A description of the type, size and location of the friction reducer behind the base of the cone should be reported if used The surface area of the friction sleeve located immediately behind the penetrometer tip. The correction necessary to adjust the penetration cone resistance due to penetration water pressures acting behind the cone tip. The rate of advance of the penetrometer. The type of Piezocone is defined in part by the location of the filter element. The type of pushing rods used for CPT penetration. Standard nomenclature can be used such as A-rod or N-rod The capacity of the tip load cell. The capacity of the sleeve load cell. The capacity of the surface load cell. The apex angle of the conical point of the penetrometer tip. The conical base area of the penetrometer tip. Provides data structure to capture pore pressure sensor metadata. Base type for PorePressureElement. The id number or value that identifies this filter element The location of the filter element as distance from the cone tip The capacity of the pore pressure load cell. The type of material used as porous filter element. The following materials are typically used: a) plastic, b) sintered bronze, c) sintered steel, d) ceramic, or e) other. This value is extendable using Other: xx. The fluid used to saturate the porous filter element. The following deaired fluids are typically used: a) water, b) glycerin, c) silicon oil, or d) other This value is extendable using Other: xx. A description of the procedure used to saturate the porous filter element. Diggs:Specification This is the property that contains the PorePressureElement object(s). It is needed to satisfy the GML object-property rule when PorePressureElement is used as an element in another test. This is a generic test structure to capture all forms of geophysical test data collected by wireline methods. Base type for WirelineLog Log run number. This should normally be a number; however some legacy systems encode other information in this value. The bottom hole assembly run number associated with this log. Log parameters that apply to the overall log.